-
1 nihil
nĭhil, or (ante-class. and post-Aug.) contr. nīl, n. indecl.; and nĭhĭlum, or contr. nīlum, i, n. [ne-hilum, not the least; v. hilum].I.nĭhil, nothing:(β).nihil est agriculturā melius, nihil uberius,
Cic. Off. 1, 42, 151:de re publicā nihil loquebantur,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 4.—Nihil agere, to accomplish nothing:(γ).nil agis,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 134:nihil agis dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61:nihil ergo agebat Q. Maximus? nihil L. Paulus? ceteri senes nihil agebant?
id. Sen. 6, 15; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; Hor. S. 1, 9, 15; Luc. 7, 809; Vell. 2, 66, 3.—In like manner, nihil per aliquem (sc. agere):nihil per Senatum, multa et magna per populum et absente populo et invito,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 6; Tac. Agr. 19.—Of persons:(δ).victor, quo nihil erat moderatius,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2:ita tibi persuadeas, mihi te carius nihil fuisse,
id. ib. 14, 3, 5:nihil est tam miserabile, quam ex beato miser,
id. Part. 17, 57; Tac. H. 1, 79; Nep. Alcib. 1, 1.—Nihil, nec.. nec (without destroying the negation):(ε).nihil me nec subterfugere voluisse reticendo, nec obscurare dicendo,
Cic. Clu. 1, 1; v. neque.—Nihil non, everything:(ζ).nihil non ad rationem dirigebat,
Cic. Brut. 37, 140:nihil non arroget armis,
Hor. A. P. 122; Nep. Att. 19, 3.—Non nihil and haud nihil, something, somewhat:(η).non nihil, ut in tantis malis, est profectum,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 2:non nihil me consolatur, cum recordor,
id. ib. 4, 14, 2:haud nihil,
Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 13:haud nihil ambigam,
I may be somewhat in doubt, Liv. 1, 3.—Nihil quidquam or nihil unum, nothing whatever, nothing at all:(θ).nil ego tibi hodie consili quicquam dabo,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 113:sine studio nihil quidquam egregium nemo umquam assequetur,
Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 134:Rhodiis ut nihil unum insigne, ita omnis generis dona dedit,
Liv. 41, 20, 7:si nihil aliud,
if there were nothing else, id. 3, 19, 7; 30, 35, 8.—With gen.:(ι).nihil mali,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:nihil novi,
id. Fam. 2, 14, 1:nihil humanarum rerum,
id. Red. Quir. 5, 1:nihil est lucri quod me hodie facere mavelim, quam,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 18.—Adjectives also, of the second declension as well as of the third, are not unfrequently joined to nihil in the same case, as nihil honestum, lautum, forte, illustre:nihil exspectatione vestrā dignum dico,
Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 137.—Nihil, or mhil aliud, with nisi, quam, praeter, praeterquam, etc., nothing else than, nothing except, nothing but:(κ).tu, quantus quantus, nihil nisi sapientia es,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 40:amare nihil aliud est, nisi eum ipsum diligere, quem ames,
Cic. Lael. 27, 100:si nihil aliud fecerunt, nisi rem detulerunt, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 37, 108:ut nihil aliud, quam de hoste cogitet,
id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:nihil tibi deest praeter voluntatem,
nothing except, id. Fam. 4, 7, 3:puto te existimare, me ex his miseriis nihil aliud quaerere, nisi ut homines intellegant, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 16:qui nihil praeterquam de vitā cogitarent, Auct. B. Alex. 8.—Sometimes, in this connection, elliptically: Herdonius, si nihil aliud, hostem se fatendo prope denuntiavit, ut, etc.,
Liv. 3, 19, 6:si nihil aliud, vulneribus certe ferrum hostile hebetarent,
id. 30, 35, 8:illā quidem nocte nihil praeterquam vigilatum est in urbe,
id. 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 83.—Hence, as adv.: nihil aliud quam, only:nihil aliud quam prendere prohibito,
Liv. 2, 29, 4:is intromissus in castra nihil aliud quam hoc narrāsse fertur,
id. 2, 32, 8:nihil aliud quam in populationibus res fuit,
id. 2, 49, 9 al. —Nihil... quin or quominus, nothing whereby: nihil praetermisi... quin Pompeium a Caesaris conjunctione avocarem, I have omitted nothing that might separate, Cic. Phil. 2, 10, 23:(λ).nihil moror, quominus decemviratu abeam,
Liv. 3, 54:nihil facere oportet, quominus excedat, etc.,
Cels. 3, 27, 4.—Nihil est quod, cur, quamobrem, etc., there is no reason why I ( you, etc.) need not:(μ).nihil est jam, quod tu mihi succenseas,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 46:nihil est, quod adventum nostrum extimescas,
Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 4:sed ego nunc nil est, cur me morer,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 102:nihil est, cur advenientibus te offerre gestias,
Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 1:nihil excogitem, quamobrem Oppianico damnari necesse sit?
id. Clu. 26, 70.—Nihil est, ut, there is nothing that:(ν).nihil fuit in Catulis, ut eos exquisito judicio putares uti litterarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 37, 133.—Nihil est, it is of no use, to no purpose, in vain:(ο).at ego ab hac puerum reposcam, ne mox infitias eat. Nihil est. Nam ipsa haec ultro, ut factum est, fecit omnem rem palam,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 76: at nihil est, ignotum ad illum mittere: operam luseris. id. Capt. 2, 2, 94; Hor. S. 2, 3, 6.—In a question:usque adeo nihil est, quod nostra infantia caelum hausit Aventini?
Juv. 3, 84.—Nihil ad me (sc. pertinet):(π).recte an secus, nihil ad nos: aut si ad nos, nihil ad hoc tempus,
Cic. Pis. 28, 68; cf. Ter. And. 1, 2, 16; also, nihil ad, nothing to, nothing in comparison with:nihil ad Persium,
Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 25; id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:nihil ad tuum equitatum, Caesar, sed ex eis, quos habuit, electos,
id. Deiot. 8, 24.—Nihil minus, nothing less so, i. e. by no means, not at all:(ρ).cadit ergo in virum bonum mentiri, fallere? nihil minus,
Cic. Off. 3, 20, 81:an Gallos existimatis hic versari animo demisso atque humili? nihil vero minus,
id. Font. 11, 23.—Nihil dum, nothing as yet:(σ).quamquam nihil dum audieramus, nec ubi esses, nec, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 12, 7, 2; id. Att. 7, 12, 4.—Nihil mihi cum illo est, I have nothing to do with him:(τ).tecum nihil rei nobis Demipho est,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 74; Ov. F 2, 308.—Nihil esse, to be nothing or nobody, to have no power, to be of no use, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47; id. Fam. 7, 27, 2; 7, 33, 1; Ter. And. 2, 1, 14:(υ).aliquem nihil putare,
to esteem meanly, Cic. Sest. 53, 114 (B. and K. nihili):accepimus eum nihil hominis esse,
a worthless fellow, id. Tusc. 3, 32, 77; but de Attio Dionysio nihil puto esse, nothing about him, i. e. no news of him, id. Fam. 12, 30, 5.—Aut nihil aut paulum, little or nothing (Gr. oligon ê ouden):B.aut nihil aut paulo cui tum concedere digna,
Cat. 68, 131.—Adverb.1.Not (as a strengthened non), in nothing, in no respect, not at all:2.me nihil poenitet,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 63; id. Mil. 4, 2, 16:conjecturā nihil opus est,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 37, 107; Ter. And. 4, 1, 14:beneficio isto legis nihil utitur,
Cic. Agr. 2, 23, 61:de fratre nihil ego te accusavi,
id. Fam. 14, 1, 4:Thebani nihil moti sunt,
Liv. 42, 46; 3, 65; 6, 38; 49; Sall. C. 16, 5:nihil miror,
Quint. 2, 17, 15; 6, 1, 38.—To no purpose, in vain:3.herele hanc quidem Nihil tu amassis: mihi haec desponsa est,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 16.—For no reason: quorsum tandem aut cur ista quaeris? M Nihil sane, nisi ne nimis diligenter anquiras, Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 4. —II.nĭhĭlum, i (contr. form nīlum, Lucr. 1, 159; Hor. S. 1, 5, 67), n., nothing:(β).erit aliquid, quod aut ex nihilo oriatur, aut in nihilum subito occidat,
Cic. Div. 2, 16, 37:ut de nihilo quippiam fiat,
id. Fat. 9, 18:interire in nihilum,
id. Ac. 1, 7, 27:venire ad nihilum,
id. Fam. 11, 12, 1:ad nihilum recidere,
id. Phil. 7, 8, 27: quam mihi ista pro nihilol id. Att. 14, 9, 1:aliquid pro nihilo putare,
id. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 16, § 40.—Nihili, of no value, worthless:(γ).quem putamus esse non hili, dicimus nihili,
Varr. L. L. 10, § 81 Müll.; cf.: nihili, qui nec hili quidem est. Paul. ex Fest. p. 175 Müll.:unde is nihili? ubi fuisti?
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 29: nihili est autem suum Qui officium facere immemor est. id. Ps. 4, 7, 2:homo nihili factus,
unmanned, id. Mil. 5, 16.—Hence, nihili pendere or facere, to esteem as nothing, Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 4; id. Ps. 4, 7, 1; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 14.—De nihilo, for nothing, without cause or reason, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 17:(δ).mali rem exempli esse, de nihilo hospites corripi,
Liv. 34, 61; 30, 29.—Nihilo, with compp., by nothing, no: nihilo pluris, quam si, etc., no more than if, etc., Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 21:1.nihilo minus,
id. Men. 5, 5, 49:Phaedriae esse nilo minus amicum quam Antiphoni,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 7 (but minus nihilo, less than nothing, id. ib. 3, 3, 2):nihilo benevolentior,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 4:nihilo major,
id. ib. 6, 3, 4:nihilo tamen setius,
Caes. B. G. 5, 4 and 7:nihil segnius,
Liv. 6, 38.—Esp. as adv.: nĭhĭlō mĭnus, or, in one word, nĭhĭlōmĭnus, none the less, no less, nevertheless, notwith standing.In gen.:2.minus dolendum fuit re non perfectā, sed puniendum certe nihilo minus,
Cic. Mil. 7, 19; id. Phil. 5, 9, 26; Quint. 8, 3, 85.—With si, etsi, quamvis, quamquam, ut, etc.:3.in iis rebus, quae nihilo minus, ut ego absim, confici possunt,
Cic. Fam. 10, 2, 2:nihilo minus eloquentiae studendum est, etsi ea quidam perverse abutuntur,
id. Inv. 1, 4, 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 17:alia sunt, quae quamvis nolit accidere, nihilominus laudat,
Sen. Ep. 66, 44:si nihil fiet, nihilominus, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 39, 2.—Strengthened by tamen:(ε).nihilominus ego hoc faciam tamen,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 10; Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 17.—Nihilo aliter, no otherwise:B.ego isti nihilo sum aliter ac fui,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 45.—Transf., adverb., for non, not, by no means:III.nihilum metuenda timere,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 53. —nīl, nothing, no (rare and mostly poet.;B.in Cic. not at all): nil intra est oleam, nil extra est in nuce durum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 31; id. C. 4, 4, 73:nil sanguinis,
no drop of blood, Ov. M. 13, 266:nil sui,
nothing proper, id. ib. 3, 435; Vulg. Prov. 10, 2 (in Caes. B. G. 5, 29, the true reading is nihil):hoc ridere meum, tam nil, nulla tibi vendo Iliade,
such a trifle, Pers. 1, 122.—Transf. as adv., not at all, by no means:IV.nil opus est verbis,
Lucr. 5, 263:ut nil umor abundet,
id. 5, 265; 1, 266:nil pictis timidus navita puppibus Fidit,
Hor. C. 1, 14, 14.— -
2 nihilo minus
nĭhil, or (ante-class. and post-Aug.) contr. nīl, n. indecl.; and nĭhĭlum, or contr. nīlum, i, n. [ne-hilum, not the least; v. hilum].I.nĭhil, nothing:(β).nihil est agriculturā melius, nihil uberius,
Cic. Off. 1, 42, 151:de re publicā nihil loquebantur,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 4.—Nihil agere, to accomplish nothing:(γ).nil agis,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 134:nihil agis dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61:nihil ergo agebat Q. Maximus? nihil L. Paulus? ceteri senes nihil agebant?
id. Sen. 6, 15; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; Hor. S. 1, 9, 15; Luc. 7, 809; Vell. 2, 66, 3.—In like manner, nihil per aliquem (sc. agere):nihil per Senatum, multa et magna per populum et absente populo et invito,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 6; Tac. Agr. 19.—Of persons:(δ).victor, quo nihil erat moderatius,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2:ita tibi persuadeas, mihi te carius nihil fuisse,
id. ib. 14, 3, 5:nihil est tam miserabile, quam ex beato miser,
id. Part. 17, 57; Tac. H. 1, 79; Nep. Alcib. 1, 1.—Nihil, nec.. nec (without destroying the negation):(ε).nihil me nec subterfugere voluisse reticendo, nec obscurare dicendo,
Cic. Clu. 1, 1; v. neque.—Nihil non, everything:(ζ).nihil non ad rationem dirigebat,
Cic. Brut. 37, 140:nihil non arroget armis,
Hor. A. P. 122; Nep. Att. 19, 3.—Non nihil and haud nihil, something, somewhat:(η).non nihil, ut in tantis malis, est profectum,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 2:non nihil me consolatur, cum recordor,
id. ib. 4, 14, 2:haud nihil,
Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 13:haud nihil ambigam,
I may be somewhat in doubt, Liv. 1, 3.—Nihil quidquam or nihil unum, nothing whatever, nothing at all:(θ).nil ego tibi hodie consili quicquam dabo,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 113:sine studio nihil quidquam egregium nemo umquam assequetur,
Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 134:Rhodiis ut nihil unum insigne, ita omnis generis dona dedit,
Liv. 41, 20, 7:si nihil aliud,
if there were nothing else, id. 3, 19, 7; 30, 35, 8.—With gen.:(ι).nihil mali,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:nihil novi,
id. Fam. 2, 14, 1:nihil humanarum rerum,
id. Red. Quir. 5, 1:nihil est lucri quod me hodie facere mavelim, quam,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 18.—Adjectives also, of the second declension as well as of the third, are not unfrequently joined to nihil in the same case, as nihil honestum, lautum, forte, illustre:nihil exspectatione vestrā dignum dico,
Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 137.—Nihil, or mhil aliud, with nisi, quam, praeter, praeterquam, etc., nothing else than, nothing except, nothing but:(κ).tu, quantus quantus, nihil nisi sapientia es,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 40:amare nihil aliud est, nisi eum ipsum diligere, quem ames,
Cic. Lael. 27, 100:si nihil aliud fecerunt, nisi rem detulerunt, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 37, 108:ut nihil aliud, quam de hoste cogitet,
id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:nihil tibi deest praeter voluntatem,
nothing except, id. Fam. 4, 7, 3:puto te existimare, me ex his miseriis nihil aliud quaerere, nisi ut homines intellegant, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 16:qui nihil praeterquam de vitā cogitarent, Auct. B. Alex. 8.—Sometimes, in this connection, elliptically: Herdonius, si nihil aliud, hostem se fatendo prope denuntiavit, ut, etc.,
Liv. 3, 19, 6:si nihil aliud, vulneribus certe ferrum hostile hebetarent,
id. 30, 35, 8:illā quidem nocte nihil praeterquam vigilatum est in urbe,
id. 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 83.—Hence, as adv.: nihil aliud quam, only:nihil aliud quam prendere prohibito,
Liv. 2, 29, 4:is intromissus in castra nihil aliud quam hoc narrāsse fertur,
id. 2, 32, 8:nihil aliud quam in populationibus res fuit,
id. 2, 49, 9 al. —Nihil... quin or quominus, nothing whereby: nihil praetermisi... quin Pompeium a Caesaris conjunctione avocarem, I have omitted nothing that might separate, Cic. Phil. 2, 10, 23:(λ).nihil moror, quominus decemviratu abeam,
Liv. 3, 54:nihil facere oportet, quominus excedat, etc.,
Cels. 3, 27, 4.—Nihil est quod, cur, quamobrem, etc., there is no reason why I ( you, etc.) need not:(μ).nihil est jam, quod tu mihi succenseas,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 46:nihil est, quod adventum nostrum extimescas,
Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 4:sed ego nunc nil est, cur me morer,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 102:nihil est, cur advenientibus te offerre gestias,
Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 1:nihil excogitem, quamobrem Oppianico damnari necesse sit?
id. Clu. 26, 70.—Nihil est, ut, there is nothing that:(ν).nihil fuit in Catulis, ut eos exquisito judicio putares uti litterarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 37, 133.—Nihil est, it is of no use, to no purpose, in vain:(ο).at ego ab hac puerum reposcam, ne mox infitias eat. Nihil est. Nam ipsa haec ultro, ut factum est, fecit omnem rem palam,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 76: at nihil est, ignotum ad illum mittere: operam luseris. id. Capt. 2, 2, 94; Hor. S. 2, 3, 6.—In a question:usque adeo nihil est, quod nostra infantia caelum hausit Aventini?
Juv. 3, 84.—Nihil ad me (sc. pertinet):(π).recte an secus, nihil ad nos: aut si ad nos, nihil ad hoc tempus,
Cic. Pis. 28, 68; cf. Ter. And. 1, 2, 16; also, nihil ad, nothing to, nothing in comparison with:nihil ad Persium,
Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 25; id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:nihil ad tuum equitatum, Caesar, sed ex eis, quos habuit, electos,
id. Deiot. 8, 24.—Nihil minus, nothing less so, i. e. by no means, not at all:(ρ).cadit ergo in virum bonum mentiri, fallere? nihil minus,
Cic. Off. 3, 20, 81:an Gallos existimatis hic versari animo demisso atque humili? nihil vero minus,
id. Font. 11, 23.—Nihil dum, nothing as yet:(σ).quamquam nihil dum audieramus, nec ubi esses, nec, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 12, 7, 2; id. Att. 7, 12, 4.—Nihil mihi cum illo est, I have nothing to do with him:(τ).tecum nihil rei nobis Demipho est,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 74; Ov. F 2, 308.—Nihil esse, to be nothing or nobody, to have no power, to be of no use, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47; id. Fam. 7, 27, 2; 7, 33, 1; Ter. And. 2, 1, 14:(υ).aliquem nihil putare,
to esteem meanly, Cic. Sest. 53, 114 (B. and K. nihili):accepimus eum nihil hominis esse,
a worthless fellow, id. Tusc. 3, 32, 77; but de Attio Dionysio nihil puto esse, nothing about him, i. e. no news of him, id. Fam. 12, 30, 5.—Aut nihil aut paulum, little or nothing (Gr. oligon ê ouden):B.aut nihil aut paulo cui tum concedere digna,
Cat. 68, 131.—Adverb.1.Not (as a strengthened non), in nothing, in no respect, not at all:2.me nihil poenitet,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 63; id. Mil. 4, 2, 16:conjecturā nihil opus est,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 37, 107; Ter. And. 4, 1, 14:beneficio isto legis nihil utitur,
Cic. Agr. 2, 23, 61:de fratre nihil ego te accusavi,
id. Fam. 14, 1, 4:Thebani nihil moti sunt,
Liv. 42, 46; 3, 65; 6, 38; 49; Sall. C. 16, 5:nihil miror,
Quint. 2, 17, 15; 6, 1, 38.—To no purpose, in vain:3.herele hanc quidem Nihil tu amassis: mihi haec desponsa est,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 16.—For no reason: quorsum tandem aut cur ista quaeris? M Nihil sane, nisi ne nimis diligenter anquiras, Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 4. —II.nĭhĭlum, i (contr. form nīlum, Lucr. 1, 159; Hor. S. 1, 5, 67), n., nothing:(β).erit aliquid, quod aut ex nihilo oriatur, aut in nihilum subito occidat,
Cic. Div. 2, 16, 37:ut de nihilo quippiam fiat,
id. Fat. 9, 18:interire in nihilum,
id. Ac. 1, 7, 27:venire ad nihilum,
id. Fam. 11, 12, 1:ad nihilum recidere,
id. Phil. 7, 8, 27: quam mihi ista pro nihilol id. Att. 14, 9, 1:aliquid pro nihilo putare,
id. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 16, § 40.—Nihili, of no value, worthless:(γ).quem putamus esse non hili, dicimus nihili,
Varr. L. L. 10, § 81 Müll.; cf.: nihili, qui nec hili quidem est. Paul. ex Fest. p. 175 Müll.:unde is nihili? ubi fuisti?
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 29: nihili est autem suum Qui officium facere immemor est. id. Ps. 4, 7, 2:homo nihili factus,
unmanned, id. Mil. 5, 16.—Hence, nihili pendere or facere, to esteem as nothing, Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 4; id. Ps. 4, 7, 1; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 14.—De nihilo, for nothing, without cause or reason, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 17:(δ).mali rem exempli esse, de nihilo hospites corripi,
Liv. 34, 61; 30, 29.—Nihilo, with compp., by nothing, no: nihilo pluris, quam si, etc., no more than if, etc., Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 21:1.nihilo minus,
id. Men. 5, 5, 49:Phaedriae esse nilo minus amicum quam Antiphoni,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 7 (but minus nihilo, less than nothing, id. ib. 3, 3, 2):nihilo benevolentior,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 4:nihilo major,
id. ib. 6, 3, 4:nihilo tamen setius,
Caes. B. G. 5, 4 and 7:nihil segnius,
Liv. 6, 38.—Esp. as adv.: nĭhĭlō mĭnus, or, in one word, nĭhĭlōmĭnus, none the less, no less, nevertheless, notwith standing.In gen.:2.minus dolendum fuit re non perfectā, sed puniendum certe nihilo minus,
Cic. Mil. 7, 19; id. Phil. 5, 9, 26; Quint. 8, 3, 85.—With si, etsi, quamvis, quamquam, ut, etc.:3.in iis rebus, quae nihilo minus, ut ego absim, confici possunt,
Cic. Fam. 10, 2, 2:nihilo minus eloquentiae studendum est, etsi ea quidam perverse abutuntur,
id. Inv. 1, 4, 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 17:alia sunt, quae quamvis nolit accidere, nihilominus laudat,
Sen. Ep. 66, 44:si nihil fiet, nihilominus, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 39, 2.—Strengthened by tamen:(ε).nihilominus ego hoc faciam tamen,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 10; Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 17.—Nihilo aliter, no otherwise:B.ego isti nihilo sum aliter ac fui,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 45.—Transf., adverb., for non, not, by no means:III.nihilum metuenda timere,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 53. —nīl, nothing, no (rare and mostly poet.;B.in Cic. not at all): nil intra est oleam, nil extra est in nuce durum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 31; id. C. 4, 4, 73:nil sanguinis,
no drop of blood, Ov. M. 13, 266:nil sui,
nothing proper, id. ib. 3, 435; Vulg. Prov. 10, 2 (in Caes. B. G. 5, 29, the true reading is nihil):hoc ridere meum, tam nil, nulla tibi vendo Iliade,
such a trifle, Pers. 1, 122.—Transf. as adv., not at all, by no means:IV.nil opus est verbis,
Lucr. 5, 263:ut nil umor abundet,
id. 5, 265; 1, 266:nil pictis timidus navita puppibus Fidit,
Hor. C. 1, 14, 14.— -
3 quis-quam
quis-quam m (also old as fem.), quicquam (quidquam), n pron indef.—As adj., any, any one: ne rumor quidem quisquam: si cuiquam generi hominum probatus sit.—As subst, any man, anybody, any person, any one whatever, anything: Si quisquamst, qui studeat, etc., T.: si quisquam est timidus, is ego sum: ne quemquam interficiant, Cs.: si quicquam humanorum certi est, L.: si animadversum esset, quemquam ad hostes transfugere conari, N.: quicquam tu illa putas fuisse decreta?—With neque, and no one, and none: neque me impediet cuiusquam edictum: nec quisquam ex agmine tanto Audet adire virum, V.: neque cuiquam nostrum licuit lege uti, S.—Fem.: illarum neque te quisquam novit, neque, etc., T.— With unus, any one, a single one: nondum in quemquam unum saeviebatur, against an individual, L.: cum multi magis fremerent quam quisquam unus recusare auderet, L.—Emphat., with nihil, nothing whatever, nothing at all. comperiebam, nihil ad Pamphilum Quicquam attinere, T.: sine quo (studio) in vitā nihil quicquam egregium.—With numquam: numquam cuiusquam delicto ignoscere, no man's at any time: numquam quicquam. -
4 nusquam
nusquam, adv. [ne-usquam], nowhere, in no place.I.Lit.:II.nusquam invenio Naucratem,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 6:fratrem nusquam invenio gentium,
Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 1; Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 73:sive est illa scripta uspiam, sive nusquam,
Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42; Liv. 1, 38; Verg. A. 4, 373:nolite arbitrari me, cum a vobis discessero, nusquam aut nullum fore,
Cic. Sen. 22, 79 et saep.:nusquam non,
everywhere, Plin. 24, 1, 1, § 1: nusquam alibi, nowhere else, Cic. Ac. prooem. 2, 32, 103; Liv. 39, 38, 1; 43, 9, 4:nusquam quidquam,
nothing whatever, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 41.—Transf.A.On no occasion, nowhere, in nothing:B.nusquam equidem quicquam deliqui,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 30:praestabo sumptum nusquam melius poni posse,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2.—With verbs of motion, no whither, to no place, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 43; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 50:2.nusquam abeo,
id. Ad. 2, 2, 38; Auct. Her. 2, 2, 3.—To or for nothing:C.ut ad id omnia referri oporteat, ipsum autem nusquam,
Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 29:plebem nusquam alio natam, quam ad serviendum,
Liv. 7, 18; so,nusquam alio,
id. 4, 54, 7.—Nusquam esse, not to exist, not to be (mostly poet. and in postclass. prose), Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 62:ergo nunc Dama sodalis Nusquam est,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 101; Dig. 47, 2, 38; Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 11. -
5 quisquam
quis-quam (old form QVIQVAM, S. C. Bacch.), quaequam, quicquam or quidquam ( abl. masc. quoquam, very rare, Liv. 3, 57, 6 Weissenb. ad loc., and 34, 35, 9; Suet. Caes. 59), pron. indef., any, any one, any body, any thing, something (cf.: aliquis, ullus, quispiam).I.In gen.A.Adj.:B.an invenire postulas quemquam cocum, nisi, etc.,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 62: nemo est indignior, quem quisquam homo aut amet [p. 1517] aut adeat, id. Bacch. 4, 3, 5:si cuiquam generi hominum, si cuiquam ordini aratorum probatus sit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:ubi cuiquam legationi fui impedimento,
id. Fam. 3, 10, 6. —Subst., any man, any person, any thing; also emphatic, any person whoever, any person or thing (even the least, etc.):II.sed mandare quemquam litteris cogitationes suas, qui eas nec disponere nec inlustrare possit,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 6:si quisquam est timidus, is ego sum,
id. Fam. 6, 14, 1; id. Att. 14, 1, 2; Ter. Eun. prol. 1:ne quemquam interficiant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 40; Sall. J. 45, 2; Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 2:aut enim nemo, aut, si quisquam, ille sapiens fuit,
Cic. Lael. 2, 9:si quidquam humanorum certi est,
Liv. 5, 33:an quisquam usquam gentium est aeque miser?
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 13:estne quisquam omnium mortalium, de quo melius existimes tu?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18:si animadversum esset, quemquam ad hostes transfugere conari,
Nep. Ages. 6, 2:quicquam tu illa putas fuisse decreta?
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 3:percontans quisquamne in palatio esset,
Aur. Vict. Ep. 11. —In partic.A.Nec (neque) quisquam, and no one, and none, = nemo, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 29:B.nec quisquam ex agmine tanto Audet adire virum,
Verg. A. 5, 378:nostrum quisquam,
Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 47:neque ex castris Catilinae quisquam omnium discesserat,
Sall. C. 36, 5:neque cuiquam nostrum licuit lege uti,
id. ib. 33, 1.—With unus, a single one:C.quia nondum in quemquam unum saeviebatur,
Liv. 3, 55, 15. — Hence also, nec quisquam unus, and not a single one:nec quisquam alterius gentis unus tantum eā arte excellit,
Liv. 28, 37; 2, 9, 8.—Quicquam with nihil, pleonastically, nothing whatever, nothing at all:D.comperiebam, nihil ad Pamphilum Quicquam attinere,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 63.—With numquam:E.quae nocet numquam cuiquam,
no man at any time, Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 50:numquam quidquam,
id. Tusc. 2, 12, 29. —Quisquam as a fem., like quis (ante-class.):nec quisquam alia mulier,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 68:anum quemquam,
id. Rud. 2, 3, 75:illarum neque te quisquam novit, neque, etc.,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 83. -
6 omnīnō
omnīnō adv. [omnis], altogether, wholly, entirely, utterly, at all: haec nunc omnino ut crederem, T.: omnino cuncta plebes, the whole body, S.: non id quidem dicit omnino, i. e. expressly: omnis argumentatio, of every kind: interire: philosophari omnino haud placere, i. e. constantly: nihil dare, nothing whatever: omnino nemo: non omnino quidem, sed magnam partem: Teucros delere, V.: ne faciam, inquis, Omnino versūs, H.—With numerals, in all, altogether, only, but, just: quinque omnino fuerunt: erant itinera duo, only two ways, Cs.: cum omnino non essent amplius centum, N.: semel omnino, Cu.—By all means, indeed, doubtless, yes, certainly, to be sure: acerbum omnino genus iudicii, sed, etc.: pugnas omnino, sed cum adversario facili.—In general, generally, universally: plurimumque poëtis nostris, omninoque Latinis litteris luminis attulisti: omnino omnium horum vitiorum atque incommodorum una cautio est, ut, etc.—In climax: non modo imperator, sed liber habendus omnino non est, not even.* * *entirely, altogetherafter negatives -- at all; with numerals-- in all
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7 pilus
pilus ī, m a hair: munitae sunt palpebrae vallo pilorum: caudae pilos equinae vellere, H.: duris aspera crura pilis, O.: ego ne pilo quidem minus me amabo, not a hair: e Cappadociā ne pilum quidem (accepi), nothing whatever: ne ullum pilum viri boni habere dicatur, has no hair of a good man: non facit pili cohortem, Ct.— Sing collect.: fruticante pilo, Iu.* * *IIIprimipilus/primi pili centurio -- first/primary/chief centurion of a legion
hair; bit/whit (thing of minimal size/value); hair shirt/garment (pl.) (L+S) -
8 animadvertō or -vortō or (older) animum advertō
animadvertō or -vortō or (older) animum advertō (constr. as one word), tī, sus, ere [animum + adverto], to direct the mind, give attention to, attend to, consider, regard, observe: tuam rem, T.: eadem in pace: sed animadvertendum est diligentius quae sit, etc.: animum advertere debere, qualis, etc., N.: ad mores hominum regendos, L.: illud animadvertisse, ut ascriberem, etc. consul animadvertere proximum lictorem iussit, to call attention to the consul's presence, L.—To mark, notice, observe, perceive, see, discern: horum silentium: puerum dormientem: quod quale sit: Postquam id vos velle animum advorteram, T.: innocentes illos natos, etc., N.: haec... utcumque animadversa aut existimata erunt, whatever attention or consideration be given, L.: his animadversis, V.: illud ab Aristotele animadversum, the fact observed by. — To attend to, censure, blame, chastise, punish: ea ab illo animadvortenda iniuria est, deserves to be punished, T.: O facinus animadvortendum, worthy of punishment, T.: vox... in quā nihil animadverti possit, there is nothing censurable: neque animadvertere... nisi sacerdotibus permissum, Ta.: verberibus in civīs, S.: si in hunc animadvertissem: cum animadversum esset in iudices.Latin-English dictionary > animadvertō or -vortō or (older) animum advertō
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9 cessō
cessō āvī, ātus, āre, freq. [1 cedo], to be remiss, delay, loiter, cease from, stop, give over: paulum, T.: odiosa cessas, you are delaying shamefully, T.: in suo studio: ab apparatu operum nihil cessatum, L.: Quidquid apud durae cessatum est moenia Troiae, whatever delay there was, V.: audaciā, to lack spirit, L.: quid cessas? Tb.: quor cessas? T.: cessas in vota? V.: ego nunc mihi cesso, i. e. to my hurt, T.: pultare ostium, T.: mori, H.—Of persons, to be inactive, be idle, be unoccupied, do nothing: cur deos cessare patitur? si quid cessare potes, V.: Dum cessant aliae, O.: cessare et ludere, H.: Cessatum usque adhuc est, T.: Semel hic cessavit, played truant, H.: amori, to have leisure for, Pr.—Of things, to be at rest, rest, be still, be inactive, be unused, pause, cease, stop: quid ita cessarunt pedes? Ph.: Cessat opus, O.: cessat ira deae, L.: cessasse ferunt aras, i. e. remained unsought, O.: Cessantem amphoram, i. e. long unopened, H.: cessaturae casae, O.: tonsas cessare novalīs, to lie fallow, V.: cessat voluntas? i. e. does he hesitate? H.: Cessata tempora cursu Corrigit, makes up for lost time, O.—Supin. acc.: cessatum ducere curam, lay at rest, H.* * *cessare, cessavi, cessatus V INTRANSbe remiss/inactive; hold back, leave off, delay, cease from; rest; be free of -
10 cael
1.caelum ( cēlum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 640), i, n. [caedo], the chisel or burin of the sculptor or engraver, a graver:2.caelata vasa... a caelo vocata, quod est genus ferramenti, quem vulgo cilionem vocant,
Isid. Orig. 20, 4, 7; Quint. 2, 21, 24; Varr. ap. Non. p. 99, 18; Stat. S. 4, 6, 26; Mart. 6, 13, 1.— Plur., Aus. Epigr. 57, 6.caelum ( coelum; cf. Aelius ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 18 Müll.; Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129), i, n. (old form cae-lus, i, m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; and ap. Charis. p. 55 P.; Petr. 39, 5 sq.; 45, 3; Arn. 1, 59; cf. the foll. I. 2.; plur. caeli, only poet., Lucr. 2, 1097, caelos, cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 331; and in eccl. writers freq. for the Heb., v. infra, cf. Caes. ap Gell. 19, 8, 3 sq., and Charis. p. 21 P., who consider the plur. in gen. as not in use, v. Rudd. I. p. 109. From Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 3: unum caelum esset an innumerabilia, nothing can be positively inferred.—Form cael: divum domus altisonum cael, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. 13, 17, or Ann. v. 561 Vahl.) [for cavilum, root in cavus; cf. Sanscr. çva-, to swell, be hollow; Gr. kuô, koilos], the sky, heaven, the heavens, the vault of heaven (in Lucr alone more than 150 times): hoc inde circum supraque, quod complexu continet terram, id quod nostri caelum memorant, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll.:2.ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum,
Ov. M. 1, 5; cf.:quis pariter (potis est) caelos omnīs convortere,
Lucr. 2, 1097:boat caelum fremitu virum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 78; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 73; Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 1; cf. Cat. 62, 26:quicquid deorum in caelo regit,
Hor. Epod. 5, 1 et saep.:lapides pluere, fulmina jaci de caelo,
Liv. 28, 27, 16.—Hence the phrase de caelo tangi, to be struck with lightning, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; Liv. 26, 23, 5 Drak.; 29, 14, 3; Verg. E. 1, 17; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Galb. 1; Tac. A. 13, 24; 14, 12;so also, e caelo ictus,
Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16.—Personified: Caelus (Caelum, Hyg. Fab. praef.), son of Aether and Dies, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; father of Saturn, Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 63; of Vulcan, id. ib. 3, 21, 55; of Mercury and the first Venus, id. ib. 3, 23, 59, Serv ad Verg. A. 1, 297 al.—3.In the lang. of augury:4.de caelo servare,
to observe the signs of heaven, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; so,de caelo fieri, of celestial signs,
to appear, occur, id. Div. 1, 42, 93.—Prov.:5.quid si nunc caelum ruat? of a vain fear,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41 Don.; cf. Varr ap. Non. p. 499, 24: delabi caelo, to drop down from the sky, of sudden or unexpected good fortune, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.. caelo missus, Tib 1, 3, 90; Liv. 10, 8, 10; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13:decidere de caelo,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 6 al.: caelum ac terras miscere, to confound every thing, overturn all, raise chaos, Liv 4, 3, 6; cf. Verg. A. 1, 133; 5, 790; Juv. 2, 25: findere caelum aratro, of an impossibility, Ov Tr 1, 8, 3: toto caelo errare, to err very much, be much or entirely mistaken, Macr. S. 3, 12, 10.—Gen. caeli in a pun with Caeli, gen. of Caelius, Serv. et Philarg. ad Verg. E. 3, 105.—6.In eccl. Lat. the plur caeli, ōrum, m., is very freq., the heavens, Tert. de Fuga, 12; id. adv. Marc. 4, 22; 5, 15; Lact. Epit. 1, 3; Cypr. Ep. 3, 3; 4, 5; Vulg. Psa. 32, 6; 21, 32; id. Isa. 1, 2.—II.Meton.A.Heaven, in a more restricted sense; the region of heaven, a climate, zone, region:B.cuicumque particulae caeli officeretur, quamvis esset procul, mutari lumina putabat,
to whatever part of the horizon, however distant, the view was obstructed, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 45:hoc caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem,
Liv. 5, 54, 3; so Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 216; 17, 2, 2, §§ 16 and 19 sq.; Flor. 4, 12, 62:caelum non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt,
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27.—The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather (very freq.):C.in hoc caelo, qui dicitur aër,
Lucr. 4, 132; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102:caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43:pingue et concretum caelum,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130: commoda, quae percipiuntur caeli temperatione, id. N. D. 2, 5, 13; cf.:caell intemperies,
Liv. 8, 18, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 3;Col. prooem. 1' intemperantia,
id. ib. 3:spiritus,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15:gravitas,
id. Att. 11, 22, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85:varium caeli morem praediscere,
Verg. G. 1, 51:varietas et mutatio,
Col. 11, 2, 1:qualitas,
Quint. 5, 9, 15:caeli solique clementia,
Flor. 3, 3, 13:subita mutatio,
id. 4, 10, 9 al. —With adj.:bonum,
Cato, R. R. 1, 2:tenue,
Cic. Fat. 4, 7:salubre,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130:serenum,
Verg. G. 1, 260:palustre,
Liv. 22, 2, 11:austerum,
Plin. 18, 12, 31, § 123:foedum imbribus ac nebulis,
Tac. Agr. 12:atrox,
Flor. 3, 2, 2 et saep.:hibernum,
Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:austrinum,
id. 16, 26, 46, § 109:Italum,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 4:Sabinum,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 77; cf.:quae sit hiems Veliae, quod caelum Salerni,
id. ib. 1, 15, 1. —Daytime, day (very rare): albente caelo, at break of day, Sisenn. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 35; Caes. B. C. 1, 68; Auct. B. Afr. 11; 80; cf.:D.eodem die albescente caelo,
Dig. 28, 2, 25, § 1:vesperascente caelo,
in the evening twilight, Nep. Pelop. 2, 5.—Height:E.mons in caelum attollitur,
toward heaven, heavenwards, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6; cf.Verg.: aequata machina caelo,
Verg. A. 4, 89.—So of the earth or upper world in opposition to the lower world:falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes,
Verg. A. 6, 896.—Heaven, the abode of the happy dead, etc. (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Apoc. 4, 2; 11, 15 et saep.; cf.:F.cum (animus) exierit et in liberum caelum quasi domum suam venerit,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:ut non ad mortem trudi, verum in caelum videretur escendere,
id. ib. 1, 29, 71.—Trop, the summit of prosperity, happiness, honor, etc.:G.Caesar in caelum fertur,
Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6; cf. id. Att. 14, 18, 1; 6, 2, 9:Pisonem ferebat in caelum,
praised, id. ib. 16, 7, 5:te summis laudibus ad caelum extulerunt,
id. Fam. 9, 14, 1; 12, 25, 7; Hor. Ep 1, 10, 9; Tac. Or. 19.—Of things:omnia, quae etiam tu in caelum ferebas,
extolled, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 5:caelo tenus extollere aliquid,
Just. 12, 6, 2:in caelo ponere aliquem,
id.,4,14; and: exaequare aliquem caelo, Lucr 1, 79; Flor. 2, 19, 3:Catonem caelo aequavit,
Tac. A. 4, 34:caelo Musa beat,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 29; cf.:recludere caelum,
id. ib. 3, 2, 22;the opp.: collegam de caelo detraxisti,
deprived of his exalted honor, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 107: in caelo sum, I am in heaven, i. e. am very happy, id. Att. 2, 9, 1:digito caelum attingere,
to be extremely fortunate, id. ib. 2, 1, 7:caelum accepisse fatebor,
Ov. M. 14, 844:tunc tangam vertice caelum,
Aus. Idyll. 8 fin.; cf.:caelum merere,
Sen. Suas. 1 init. —In gen., a vault, arch, covering:caelum camerarum,
the interior surface of a vault, Vitr. 7, 3, 3; Flor. 3, 5, 30 dub.:capitis,
Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 134. -
11 caeli
1.caelum ( cēlum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 640), i, n. [caedo], the chisel or burin of the sculptor or engraver, a graver:2.caelata vasa... a caelo vocata, quod est genus ferramenti, quem vulgo cilionem vocant,
Isid. Orig. 20, 4, 7; Quint. 2, 21, 24; Varr. ap. Non. p. 99, 18; Stat. S. 4, 6, 26; Mart. 6, 13, 1.— Plur., Aus. Epigr. 57, 6.caelum ( coelum; cf. Aelius ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 18 Müll.; Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129), i, n. (old form cae-lus, i, m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; and ap. Charis. p. 55 P.; Petr. 39, 5 sq.; 45, 3; Arn. 1, 59; cf. the foll. I. 2.; plur. caeli, only poet., Lucr. 2, 1097, caelos, cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 331; and in eccl. writers freq. for the Heb., v. infra, cf. Caes. ap Gell. 19, 8, 3 sq., and Charis. p. 21 P., who consider the plur. in gen. as not in use, v. Rudd. I. p. 109. From Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 3: unum caelum esset an innumerabilia, nothing can be positively inferred.—Form cael: divum domus altisonum cael, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. 13, 17, or Ann. v. 561 Vahl.) [for cavilum, root in cavus; cf. Sanscr. çva-, to swell, be hollow; Gr. kuô, koilos], the sky, heaven, the heavens, the vault of heaven (in Lucr alone more than 150 times): hoc inde circum supraque, quod complexu continet terram, id quod nostri caelum memorant, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll.:2.ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum,
Ov. M. 1, 5; cf.:quis pariter (potis est) caelos omnīs convortere,
Lucr. 2, 1097:boat caelum fremitu virum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 78; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 73; Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 1; cf. Cat. 62, 26:quicquid deorum in caelo regit,
Hor. Epod. 5, 1 et saep.:lapides pluere, fulmina jaci de caelo,
Liv. 28, 27, 16.—Hence the phrase de caelo tangi, to be struck with lightning, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; Liv. 26, 23, 5 Drak.; 29, 14, 3; Verg. E. 1, 17; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Galb. 1; Tac. A. 13, 24; 14, 12;so also, e caelo ictus,
Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16.—Personified: Caelus (Caelum, Hyg. Fab. praef.), son of Aether and Dies, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; father of Saturn, Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 63; of Vulcan, id. ib. 3, 21, 55; of Mercury and the first Venus, id. ib. 3, 23, 59, Serv ad Verg. A. 1, 297 al.—3.In the lang. of augury:4.de caelo servare,
to observe the signs of heaven, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; so,de caelo fieri, of celestial signs,
to appear, occur, id. Div. 1, 42, 93.—Prov.:5.quid si nunc caelum ruat? of a vain fear,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41 Don.; cf. Varr ap. Non. p. 499, 24: delabi caelo, to drop down from the sky, of sudden or unexpected good fortune, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.. caelo missus, Tib 1, 3, 90; Liv. 10, 8, 10; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13:decidere de caelo,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 6 al.: caelum ac terras miscere, to confound every thing, overturn all, raise chaos, Liv 4, 3, 6; cf. Verg. A. 1, 133; 5, 790; Juv. 2, 25: findere caelum aratro, of an impossibility, Ov Tr 1, 8, 3: toto caelo errare, to err very much, be much or entirely mistaken, Macr. S. 3, 12, 10.—Gen. caeli in a pun with Caeli, gen. of Caelius, Serv. et Philarg. ad Verg. E. 3, 105.—6.In eccl. Lat. the plur caeli, ōrum, m., is very freq., the heavens, Tert. de Fuga, 12; id. adv. Marc. 4, 22; 5, 15; Lact. Epit. 1, 3; Cypr. Ep. 3, 3; 4, 5; Vulg. Psa. 32, 6; 21, 32; id. Isa. 1, 2.—II.Meton.A.Heaven, in a more restricted sense; the region of heaven, a climate, zone, region:B.cuicumque particulae caeli officeretur, quamvis esset procul, mutari lumina putabat,
to whatever part of the horizon, however distant, the view was obstructed, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 45:hoc caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem,
Liv. 5, 54, 3; so Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 216; 17, 2, 2, §§ 16 and 19 sq.; Flor. 4, 12, 62:caelum non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt,
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27.—The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather (very freq.):C.in hoc caelo, qui dicitur aër,
Lucr. 4, 132; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102:caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43:pingue et concretum caelum,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130: commoda, quae percipiuntur caeli temperatione, id. N. D. 2, 5, 13; cf.:caell intemperies,
Liv. 8, 18, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 3;Col. prooem. 1' intemperantia,
id. ib. 3:spiritus,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15:gravitas,
id. Att. 11, 22, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85:varium caeli morem praediscere,
Verg. G. 1, 51:varietas et mutatio,
Col. 11, 2, 1:qualitas,
Quint. 5, 9, 15:caeli solique clementia,
Flor. 3, 3, 13:subita mutatio,
id. 4, 10, 9 al. —With adj.:bonum,
Cato, R. R. 1, 2:tenue,
Cic. Fat. 4, 7:salubre,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130:serenum,
Verg. G. 1, 260:palustre,
Liv. 22, 2, 11:austerum,
Plin. 18, 12, 31, § 123:foedum imbribus ac nebulis,
Tac. Agr. 12:atrox,
Flor. 3, 2, 2 et saep.:hibernum,
Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:austrinum,
id. 16, 26, 46, § 109:Italum,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 4:Sabinum,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 77; cf.:quae sit hiems Veliae, quod caelum Salerni,
id. ib. 1, 15, 1. —Daytime, day (very rare): albente caelo, at break of day, Sisenn. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 35; Caes. B. C. 1, 68; Auct. B. Afr. 11; 80; cf.:D.eodem die albescente caelo,
Dig. 28, 2, 25, § 1:vesperascente caelo,
in the evening twilight, Nep. Pelop. 2, 5.—Height:E.mons in caelum attollitur,
toward heaven, heavenwards, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6; cf.Verg.: aequata machina caelo,
Verg. A. 4, 89.—So of the earth or upper world in opposition to the lower world:falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes,
Verg. A. 6, 896.—Heaven, the abode of the happy dead, etc. (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Apoc. 4, 2; 11, 15 et saep.; cf.:F.cum (animus) exierit et in liberum caelum quasi domum suam venerit,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:ut non ad mortem trudi, verum in caelum videretur escendere,
id. ib. 1, 29, 71.—Trop, the summit of prosperity, happiness, honor, etc.:G.Caesar in caelum fertur,
Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6; cf. id. Att. 14, 18, 1; 6, 2, 9:Pisonem ferebat in caelum,
praised, id. ib. 16, 7, 5:te summis laudibus ad caelum extulerunt,
id. Fam. 9, 14, 1; 12, 25, 7; Hor. Ep 1, 10, 9; Tac. Or. 19.—Of things:omnia, quae etiam tu in caelum ferebas,
extolled, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 5:caelo tenus extollere aliquid,
Just. 12, 6, 2:in caelo ponere aliquem,
id.,4,14; and: exaequare aliquem caelo, Lucr 1, 79; Flor. 2, 19, 3:Catonem caelo aequavit,
Tac. A. 4, 34:caelo Musa beat,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 29; cf.:recludere caelum,
id. ib. 3, 2, 22;the opp.: collegam de caelo detraxisti,
deprived of his exalted honor, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 107: in caelo sum, I am in heaven, i. e. am very happy, id. Att. 2, 9, 1:digito caelum attingere,
to be extremely fortunate, id. ib. 2, 1, 7:caelum accepisse fatebor,
Ov. M. 14, 844:tunc tangam vertice caelum,
Aus. Idyll. 8 fin.; cf.:caelum merere,
Sen. Suas. 1 init. —In gen., a vault, arch, covering:caelum camerarum,
the interior surface of a vault, Vitr. 7, 3, 3; Flor. 3, 5, 30 dub.:capitis,
Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 134. -
12 caelum
1.caelum ( cēlum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 640), i, n. [caedo], the chisel or burin of the sculptor or engraver, a graver:2.caelata vasa... a caelo vocata, quod est genus ferramenti, quem vulgo cilionem vocant,
Isid. Orig. 20, 4, 7; Quint. 2, 21, 24; Varr. ap. Non. p. 99, 18; Stat. S. 4, 6, 26; Mart. 6, 13, 1.— Plur., Aus. Epigr. 57, 6.caelum ( coelum; cf. Aelius ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 18 Müll.; Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129), i, n. (old form cae-lus, i, m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; and ap. Charis. p. 55 P.; Petr. 39, 5 sq.; 45, 3; Arn. 1, 59; cf. the foll. I. 2.; plur. caeli, only poet., Lucr. 2, 1097, caelos, cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 331; and in eccl. writers freq. for the Heb., v. infra, cf. Caes. ap Gell. 19, 8, 3 sq., and Charis. p. 21 P., who consider the plur. in gen. as not in use, v. Rudd. I. p. 109. From Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 3: unum caelum esset an innumerabilia, nothing can be positively inferred.—Form cael: divum domus altisonum cael, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. 13, 17, or Ann. v. 561 Vahl.) [for cavilum, root in cavus; cf. Sanscr. çva-, to swell, be hollow; Gr. kuô, koilos], the sky, heaven, the heavens, the vault of heaven (in Lucr alone more than 150 times): hoc inde circum supraque, quod complexu continet terram, id quod nostri caelum memorant, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll.:2.ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum,
Ov. M. 1, 5; cf.:quis pariter (potis est) caelos omnīs convortere,
Lucr. 2, 1097:boat caelum fremitu virum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 78; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 73; Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 1; cf. Cat. 62, 26:quicquid deorum in caelo regit,
Hor. Epod. 5, 1 et saep.:lapides pluere, fulmina jaci de caelo,
Liv. 28, 27, 16.—Hence the phrase de caelo tangi, to be struck with lightning, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; Liv. 26, 23, 5 Drak.; 29, 14, 3; Verg. E. 1, 17; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Galb. 1; Tac. A. 13, 24; 14, 12;so also, e caelo ictus,
Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16.—Personified: Caelus (Caelum, Hyg. Fab. praef.), son of Aether and Dies, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; father of Saturn, Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 63; of Vulcan, id. ib. 3, 21, 55; of Mercury and the first Venus, id. ib. 3, 23, 59, Serv ad Verg. A. 1, 297 al.—3.In the lang. of augury:4.de caelo servare,
to observe the signs of heaven, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; so,de caelo fieri, of celestial signs,
to appear, occur, id. Div. 1, 42, 93.—Prov.:5.quid si nunc caelum ruat? of a vain fear,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41 Don.; cf. Varr ap. Non. p. 499, 24: delabi caelo, to drop down from the sky, of sudden or unexpected good fortune, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.. caelo missus, Tib 1, 3, 90; Liv. 10, 8, 10; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13:decidere de caelo,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 6 al.: caelum ac terras miscere, to confound every thing, overturn all, raise chaos, Liv 4, 3, 6; cf. Verg. A. 1, 133; 5, 790; Juv. 2, 25: findere caelum aratro, of an impossibility, Ov Tr 1, 8, 3: toto caelo errare, to err very much, be much or entirely mistaken, Macr. S. 3, 12, 10.—Gen. caeli in a pun with Caeli, gen. of Caelius, Serv. et Philarg. ad Verg. E. 3, 105.—6.In eccl. Lat. the plur caeli, ōrum, m., is very freq., the heavens, Tert. de Fuga, 12; id. adv. Marc. 4, 22; 5, 15; Lact. Epit. 1, 3; Cypr. Ep. 3, 3; 4, 5; Vulg. Psa. 32, 6; 21, 32; id. Isa. 1, 2.—II.Meton.A.Heaven, in a more restricted sense; the region of heaven, a climate, zone, region:B.cuicumque particulae caeli officeretur, quamvis esset procul, mutari lumina putabat,
to whatever part of the horizon, however distant, the view was obstructed, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 45:hoc caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem,
Liv. 5, 54, 3; so Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 216; 17, 2, 2, §§ 16 and 19 sq.; Flor. 4, 12, 62:caelum non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt,
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27.—The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather (very freq.):C.in hoc caelo, qui dicitur aër,
Lucr. 4, 132; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102:caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43:pingue et concretum caelum,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130: commoda, quae percipiuntur caeli temperatione, id. N. D. 2, 5, 13; cf.:caell intemperies,
Liv. 8, 18, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 3;Col. prooem. 1' intemperantia,
id. ib. 3:spiritus,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15:gravitas,
id. Att. 11, 22, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85:varium caeli morem praediscere,
Verg. G. 1, 51:varietas et mutatio,
Col. 11, 2, 1:qualitas,
Quint. 5, 9, 15:caeli solique clementia,
Flor. 3, 3, 13:subita mutatio,
id. 4, 10, 9 al. —With adj.:bonum,
Cato, R. R. 1, 2:tenue,
Cic. Fat. 4, 7:salubre,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130:serenum,
Verg. G. 1, 260:palustre,
Liv. 22, 2, 11:austerum,
Plin. 18, 12, 31, § 123:foedum imbribus ac nebulis,
Tac. Agr. 12:atrox,
Flor. 3, 2, 2 et saep.:hibernum,
Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:austrinum,
id. 16, 26, 46, § 109:Italum,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 4:Sabinum,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 77; cf.:quae sit hiems Veliae, quod caelum Salerni,
id. ib. 1, 15, 1. —Daytime, day (very rare): albente caelo, at break of day, Sisenn. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 35; Caes. B. C. 1, 68; Auct. B. Afr. 11; 80; cf.:D.eodem die albescente caelo,
Dig. 28, 2, 25, § 1:vesperascente caelo,
in the evening twilight, Nep. Pelop. 2, 5.—Height:E.mons in caelum attollitur,
toward heaven, heavenwards, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6; cf.Verg.: aequata machina caelo,
Verg. A. 4, 89.—So of the earth or upper world in opposition to the lower world:falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes,
Verg. A. 6, 896.—Heaven, the abode of the happy dead, etc. (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Apoc. 4, 2; 11, 15 et saep.; cf.:F.cum (animus) exierit et in liberum caelum quasi domum suam venerit,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:ut non ad mortem trudi, verum in caelum videretur escendere,
id. ib. 1, 29, 71.—Trop, the summit of prosperity, happiness, honor, etc.:G.Caesar in caelum fertur,
Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6; cf. id. Att. 14, 18, 1; 6, 2, 9:Pisonem ferebat in caelum,
praised, id. ib. 16, 7, 5:te summis laudibus ad caelum extulerunt,
id. Fam. 9, 14, 1; 12, 25, 7; Hor. Ep 1, 10, 9; Tac. Or. 19.—Of things:omnia, quae etiam tu in caelum ferebas,
extolled, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 5:caelo tenus extollere aliquid,
Just. 12, 6, 2:in caelo ponere aliquem,
id.,4,14; and: exaequare aliquem caelo, Lucr 1, 79; Flor. 2, 19, 3:Catonem caelo aequavit,
Tac. A. 4, 34:caelo Musa beat,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 29; cf.:recludere caelum,
id. ib. 3, 2, 22;the opp.: collegam de caelo detraxisti,
deprived of his exalted honor, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 107: in caelo sum, I am in heaven, i. e. am very happy, id. Att. 2, 9, 1:digito caelum attingere,
to be extremely fortunate, id. ib. 2, 1, 7:caelum accepisse fatebor,
Ov. M. 14, 844:tunc tangam vertice caelum,
Aus. Idyll. 8 fin.; cf.:caelum merere,
Sen. Suas. 1 init. —In gen., a vault, arch, covering:caelum camerarum,
the interior surface of a vault, Vitr. 7, 3, 3; Flor. 3, 5, 30 dub.:capitis,
Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 134. -
13 celum
1.caelum ( cēlum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 640), i, n. [caedo], the chisel or burin of the sculptor or engraver, a graver:2.caelata vasa... a caelo vocata, quod est genus ferramenti, quem vulgo cilionem vocant,
Isid. Orig. 20, 4, 7; Quint. 2, 21, 24; Varr. ap. Non. p. 99, 18; Stat. S. 4, 6, 26; Mart. 6, 13, 1.— Plur., Aus. Epigr. 57, 6.caelum ( coelum; cf. Aelius ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 18 Müll.; Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129), i, n. (old form cae-lus, i, m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; and ap. Charis. p. 55 P.; Petr. 39, 5 sq.; 45, 3; Arn. 1, 59; cf. the foll. I. 2.; plur. caeli, only poet., Lucr. 2, 1097, caelos, cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 331; and in eccl. writers freq. for the Heb., v. infra, cf. Caes. ap Gell. 19, 8, 3 sq., and Charis. p. 21 P., who consider the plur. in gen. as not in use, v. Rudd. I. p. 109. From Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 3: unum caelum esset an innumerabilia, nothing can be positively inferred.—Form cael: divum domus altisonum cael, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. 13, 17, or Ann. v. 561 Vahl.) [for cavilum, root in cavus; cf. Sanscr. çva-, to swell, be hollow; Gr. kuô, koilos], the sky, heaven, the heavens, the vault of heaven (in Lucr alone more than 150 times): hoc inde circum supraque, quod complexu continet terram, id quod nostri caelum memorant, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll.:2.ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum,
Ov. M. 1, 5; cf.:quis pariter (potis est) caelos omnīs convortere,
Lucr. 2, 1097:boat caelum fremitu virum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 78; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 73; Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 1; cf. Cat. 62, 26:quicquid deorum in caelo regit,
Hor. Epod. 5, 1 et saep.:lapides pluere, fulmina jaci de caelo,
Liv. 28, 27, 16.—Hence the phrase de caelo tangi, to be struck with lightning, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; Liv. 26, 23, 5 Drak.; 29, 14, 3; Verg. E. 1, 17; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Galb. 1; Tac. A. 13, 24; 14, 12;so also, e caelo ictus,
Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16.—Personified: Caelus (Caelum, Hyg. Fab. praef.), son of Aether and Dies, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; father of Saturn, Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 63; of Vulcan, id. ib. 3, 21, 55; of Mercury and the first Venus, id. ib. 3, 23, 59, Serv ad Verg. A. 1, 297 al.—3.In the lang. of augury:4.de caelo servare,
to observe the signs of heaven, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; so,de caelo fieri, of celestial signs,
to appear, occur, id. Div. 1, 42, 93.—Prov.:5.quid si nunc caelum ruat? of a vain fear,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41 Don.; cf. Varr ap. Non. p. 499, 24: delabi caelo, to drop down from the sky, of sudden or unexpected good fortune, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.. caelo missus, Tib 1, 3, 90; Liv. 10, 8, 10; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13:decidere de caelo,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 6 al.: caelum ac terras miscere, to confound every thing, overturn all, raise chaos, Liv 4, 3, 6; cf. Verg. A. 1, 133; 5, 790; Juv. 2, 25: findere caelum aratro, of an impossibility, Ov Tr 1, 8, 3: toto caelo errare, to err very much, be much or entirely mistaken, Macr. S. 3, 12, 10.—Gen. caeli in a pun with Caeli, gen. of Caelius, Serv. et Philarg. ad Verg. E. 3, 105.—6.In eccl. Lat. the plur caeli, ōrum, m., is very freq., the heavens, Tert. de Fuga, 12; id. adv. Marc. 4, 22; 5, 15; Lact. Epit. 1, 3; Cypr. Ep. 3, 3; 4, 5; Vulg. Psa. 32, 6; 21, 32; id. Isa. 1, 2.—II.Meton.A.Heaven, in a more restricted sense; the region of heaven, a climate, zone, region:B.cuicumque particulae caeli officeretur, quamvis esset procul, mutari lumina putabat,
to whatever part of the horizon, however distant, the view was obstructed, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 45:hoc caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem,
Liv. 5, 54, 3; so Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 216; 17, 2, 2, §§ 16 and 19 sq.; Flor. 4, 12, 62:caelum non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt,
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27.—The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather (very freq.):C.in hoc caelo, qui dicitur aër,
Lucr. 4, 132; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102:caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43:pingue et concretum caelum,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130: commoda, quae percipiuntur caeli temperatione, id. N. D. 2, 5, 13; cf.:caell intemperies,
Liv. 8, 18, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 3;Col. prooem. 1' intemperantia,
id. ib. 3:spiritus,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15:gravitas,
id. Att. 11, 22, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85:varium caeli morem praediscere,
Verg. G. 1, 51:varietas et mutatio,
Col. 11, 2, 1:qualitas,
Quint. 5, 9, 15:caeli solique clementia,
Flor. 3, 3, 13:subita mutatio,
id. 4, 10, 9 al. —With adj.:bonum,
Cato, R. R. 1, 2:tenue,
Cic. Fat. 4, 7:salubre,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130:serenum,
Verg. G. 1, 260:palustre,
Liv. 22, 2, 11:austerum,
Plin. 18, 12, 31, § 123:foedum imbribus ac nebulis,
Tac. Agr. 12:atrox,
Flor. 3, 2, 2 et saep.:hibernum,
Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:austrinum,
id. 16, 26, 46, § 109:Italum,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 4:Sabinum,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 77; cf.:quae sit hiems Veliae, quod caelum Salerni,
id. ib. 1, 15, 1. —Daytime, day (very rare): albente caelo, at break of day, Sisenn. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 35; Caes. B. C. 1, 68; Auct. B. Afr. 11; 80; cf.:D.eodem die albescente caelo,
Dig. 28, 2, 25, § 1:vesperascente caelo,
in the evening twilight, Nep. Pelop. 2, 5.—Height:E.mons in caelum attollitur,
toward heaven, heavenwards, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6; cf.Verg.: aequata machina caelo,
Verg. A. 4, 89.—So of the earth or upper world in opposition to the lower world:falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes,
Verg. A. 6, 896.—Heaven, the abode of the happy dead, etc. (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Apoc. 4, 2; 11, 15 et saep.; cf.:F.cum (animus) exierit et in liberum caelum quasi domum suam venerit,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:ut non ad mortem trudi, verum in caelum videretur escendere,
id. ib. 1, 29, 71.—Trop, the summit of prosperity, happiness, honor, etc.:G.Caesar in caelum fertur,
Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6; cf. id. Att. 14, 18, 1; 6, 2, 9:Pisonem ferebat in caelum,
praised, id. ib. 16, 7, 5:te summis laudibus ad caelum extulerunt,
id. Fam. 9, 14, 1; 12, 25, 7; Hor. Ep 1, 10, 9; Tac. Or. 19.—Of things:omnia, quae etiam tu in caelum ferebas,
extolled, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 5:caelo tenus extollere aliquid,
Just. 12, 6, 2:in caelo ponere aliquem,
id.,4,14; and: exaequare aliquem caelo, Lucr 1, 79; Flor. 2, 19, 3:Catonem caelo aequavit,
Tac. A. 4, 34:caelo Musa beat,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 29; cf.:recludere caelum,
id. ib. 3, 2, 22;the opp.: collegam de caelo detraxisti,
deprived of his exalted honor, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 107: in caelo sum, I am in heaven, i. e. am very happy, id. Att. 2, 9, 1:digito caelum attingere,
to be extremely fortunate, id. ib. 2, 1, 7:caelum accepisse fatebor,
Ov. M. 14, 844:tunc tangam vertice caelum,
Aus. Idyll. 8 fin.; cf.:caelum merere,
Sen. Suas. 1 init. —In gen., a vault, arch, covering:caelum camerarum,
the interior surface of a vault, Vitr. 7, 3, 3; Flor. 3, 5, 30 dub.:capitis,
Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 134. -
14 cesso
cesso, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. n. and a. [1. cedo]; lit., to stand back very much; hence, to be remiss in any thing, to delay, loiter, or, in gen., to cease from, stop, give over (indicating a blamable remissness; while desinere, intermittere, requiescere do not include that idea: cessat desidiosus, requiescit fessus, Don. ad Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 15. Diff. from cunctari in this, that the latter designates inaction arising from want of resolution, but cessare that which is the result of slothfulness; cf. Doed. Syn. 3, p. 300 sq.;b.class. in prose and poetry): paulum si cessassem,
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 5; 4, 6, 16; id. Ad. 4, 2, 49:si tabellarii non cessarint,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 7, 15:in suo studio atque opere,
id. Sen. 5, 13:ne quis in eo, quod me viderit facientem, cesset,
Liv. 35, 35, 16; cf. id. 35, 18, 8:ab apparatu operum ac munitionum nihil cessatum,
id. 21, 8, 1; 34, 16, 3; 31, 12, 2; Tac. A. 3, 28:quidquid apud durae cessatum est moenia Trojae,
whatever delay there was, Verg. A. 11, 288:audaciā,
to be deficient in spirit, Liv. 1, 46, 6; cf.:nullo umquam officio,
id. 42, 6, 8:ad arma cessantes Concitet,
Hor. C. 1, 35, 15 et saep.—So in admonitions:quid cessas?
Ter. And. 5, 6, 15; Tib. 2, 2, 10:quid cessatis?
Curt. 4, 16, 5:quor cessas?
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 69; cf.: cessas in vota precesque ( poet. for cessas facere vota), Tros, ait, Aenea? cessas? Verg. A. 6, 51 sq.; Tib. 3, 6, 57.— With dat. incommodi: it dies;ego mihi cesso,
i. e. to my own injury, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 12 Lorenz ad loc.; id. Ep. 3, 2, 8:sed ego nunc mihi cesso, qui non umerum hunc onero pallio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 4.—With inf.:II.ego hinc migrare cesso,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 6 sq.:numquid principio cessavit verbum docte dicere?
id. Pers. 4, 4, 3; so,alloqui,
Ter. And. 2, 2, 6; 5, 2, 4:adoriri,
id. Heaut. 4, 5, 9:pultare ostium,
id. ib. 3, 1, 1; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 30:introrumpere,
id. Eun. 5, 5, 26:detrahere de nobis,
Cic. Att. 11, 11, 2:mori,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 58 et saep.—In gen.A.To be inactive, idle, at leisure, to do nothing:b.cur tam multos deos nihil agere et cessare patitur? cur non rebus humanis aliquos otiosos deos praeficit?
Cic. N. D. 3, 39, 93; cf. id. ib. 1, 9, 22; id. Off. 3, 1, 1: nisi forte ego vobis cessare nunc videor;cum bella non gero,
id. de Sen. 6, 18:et si quid cessare potes, requiesce sub umbrā,
Verg. E. 7, 10:cessabimus una,
Prop. 3 (4), 23, 15; Ov. M. 4, 37:cur alter fratrum cessare et ludere et ungi praeferat, etc.,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 183 (cessare otiari et jucunde vivere, Schol. Crucq.); so id. ib. 1, 7, 57:per hibernorum tempus,
Liv. 36, 5, 1:cessatum usque adhuc est: nunc porro expergiscere,
Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 23:cessatum ducere curam,
put to rest, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 31:non timido, non ignavo cessare tum licuit,
Curt. 3, 11, 5.—Of things, to be at rest, to rest, be still, inactive, unemployed, or unused, etc.:(β).si cessare putas rerum primordia posse, Cessandoque novos rerum progignere motus,
Lucr. 2, 80 sq.:quid ita cessarunt pedes?
Phaedr. 1, 9, 5:et grave suspenso vomere cesset opus,
Tib. 2, 1, 6; Ov. F. 6, 348:Achilles cessare in Teucros pertulit arma sua,
Prop. 2, 8, 30:cur Berecyntiae Cessant flamina tibiae,
Hor. C. 3, 19, 19:cessat voluntas?
id. ib. 1, 27, 13:cessat ira deae,
Liv. 29, 18, 10:solas sine ture relictas Praeteritae cessasse ferunt Letoïdos aras,
i. e. remained unsought, unapproached, Ov. M. 8, 278; cf.:at nunc desertis cessant sacraria lucis,
Prop. 3 (4), 13, 47; and:cessaturae casae,
Ov. F. 4, 804:cessans honor,
a vacant office, Suet. Caes. 76.—Of land, to lie uncultivated, fallow (cf. cessatio):c.alternis idem tonsas cessare novales,
Verg. G. 1, 71; Plin. 18, 23, 52, § 191; cf. Suet. Aug. 42.— Pass.:cessata arva,
Ov. F. 4, 617.— Trop., of a barren woman, Paul. Nol. Carm. 6, 48.—Sometimes cessare alicui rei, like vacare alicui rei, to have leisure for something, i.e. to attend to, apply one ' s self to:B.amori,
Prop. 1, 6, 21.—Rarely (prob. not ante-Aug.), not to be at hand or present, to be wanting:2.cessat voluntas? non aliā bibam Mercede,
Hor. C. 1, 27, 13:augendum addendumque quod cessat,
Quint. 2, 8, 10.—Hence,Judic. t. t.a.Of persons, not to appear before a tribunal, to make default:b.culpāne quis an aliquā necessitate cessasset,
Suet. Claud. 15 (where, [p. 323] just before, absentibus; cf.absum, 8.): quoties delator adesse jussus cessat,
Dig. 49, 14, 2, § 4; so ib. 47, 10, 17, § 20.—Of things (a process, verdict), to be invalid, null, void:C.cessat injuriarum actio,
Dig. 47, 10, 17, § 1:revocatio,
ib. 42, 8, 10, § 1:edictum,
ib. 39, 1, 1:senatus consultum,
ib. 14, 6, 12 et saep.—Also rare, in a moral view, to depart from a right way, i.e. to mistake, err:ut scriptor si peccat... Sic qui multum cessat,
Hor. A. P. 357:oratoris perfecti illius, ex nullā parte cessantis,
Quint. 1, 10, 4. -
15 coelum
1.caelum ( cēlum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 640), i, n. [caedo], the chisel or burin of the sculptor or engraver, a graver:2.caelata vasa... a caelo vocata, quod est genus ferramenti, quem vulgo cilionem vocant,
Isid. Orig. 20, 4, 7; Quint. 2, 21, 24; Varr. ap. Non. p. 99, 18; Stat. S. 4, 6, 26; Mart. 6, 13, 1.— Plur., Aus. Epigr. 57, 6.caelum ( coelum; cf. Aelius ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 18 Müll.; Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129), i, n. (old form cae-lus, i, m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; and ap. Charis. p. 55 P.; Petr. 39, 5 sq.; 45, 3; Arn. 1, 59; cf. the foll. I. 2.; plur. caeli, only poet., Lucr. 2, 1097, caelos, cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 331; and in eccl. writers freq. for the Heb., v. infra, cf. Caes. ap Gell. 19, 8, 3 sq., and Charis. p. 21 P., who consider the plur. in gen. as not in use, v. Rudd. I. p. 109. From Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 3: unum caelum esset an innumerabilia, nothing can be positively inferred.—Form cael: divum domus altisonum cael, Enn. ap. Aus. Technop. 13, 17, or Ann. v. 561 Vahl.) [for cavilum, root in cavus; cf. Sanscr. çva-, to swell, be hollow; Gr. kuô, koilos], the sky, heaven, the heavens, the vault of heaven (in Lucr alone more than 150 times): hoc inde circum supraque, quod complexu continet terram, id quod nostri caelum memorant, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll.:2.ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum,
Ov. M. 1, 5; cf.:quis pariter (potis est) caelos omnīs convortere,
Lucr. 2, 1097:boat caelum fremitu virum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 78; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 73; Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 1; cf. Cat. 62, 26:quicquid deorum in caelo regit,
Hor. Epod. 5, 1 et saep.:lapides pluere, fulmina jaci de caelo,
Liv. 28, 27, 16.—Hence the phrase de caelo tangi, to be struck with lightning, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; Liv. 26, 23, 5 Drak.; 29, 14, 3; Verg. E. 1, 17; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Galb. 1; Tac. A. 13, 24; 14, 12;so also, e caelo ictus,
Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16.—Personified: Caelus (Caelum, Hyg. Fab. praef.), son of Aether and Dies, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; father of Saturn, Enn. ap. Non. p. 197, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 63; of Vulcan, id. ib. 3, 21, 55; of Mercury and the first Venus, id. ib. 3, 23, 59, Serv ad Verg. A. 1, 297 al.—3.In the lang. of augury:4.de caelo servare,
to observe the signs of heaven, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; so,de caelo fieri, of celestial signs,
to appear, occur, id. Div. 1, 42, 93.—Prov.:5.quid si nunc caelum ruat? of a vain fear,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41 Don.; cf. Varr ap. Non. p. 499, 24: delabi caelo, to drop down from the sky, of sudden or unexpected good fortune, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.. caelo missus, Tib 1, 3, 90; Liv. 10, 8, 10; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13:decidere de caelo,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 6 al.: caelum ac terras miscere, to confound every thing, overturn all, raise chaos, Liv 4, 3, 6; cf. Verg. A. 1, 133; 5, 790; Juv. 2, 25: findere caelum aratro, of an impossibility, Ov Tr 1, 8, 3: toto caelo errare, to err very much, be much or entirely mistaken, Macr. S. 3, 12, 10.—Gen. caeli in a pun with Caeli, gen. of Caelius, Serv. et Philarg. ad Verg. E. 3, 105.—6.In eccl. Lat. the plur caeli, ōrum, m., is very freq., the heavens, Tert. de Fuga, 12; id. adv. Marc. 4, 22; 5, 15; Lact. Epit. 1, 3; Cypr. Ep. 3, 3; 4, 5; Vulg. Psa. 32, 6; 21, 32; id. Isa. 1, 2.—II.Meton.A.Heaven, in a more restricted sense; the region of heaven, a climate, zone, region:B.cuicumque particulae caeli officeretur, quamvis esset procul, mutari lumina putabat,
to whatever part of the horizon, however distant, the view was obstructed, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 179; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 45:hoc caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem,
Liv. 5, 54, 3; so Plin. 8, 54, 80, § 216; 17, 2, 2, §§ 16 and 19 sq.; Flor. 4, 12, 62:caelum non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt,
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27.—The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather (very freq.):C.in hoc caelo, qui dicitur aër,
Lucr. 4, 132; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102:caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43:pingue et concretum caelum,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130: commoda, quae percipiuntur caeli temperatione, id. N. D. 2, 5, 13; cf.:caell intemperies,
Liv. 8, 18, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 3;Col. prooem. 1' intemperantia,
id. ib. 3:spiritus,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15:gravitas,
id. Att. 11, 22, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85:varium caeli morem praediscere,
Verg. G. 1, 51:varietas et mutatio,
Col. 11, 2, 1:qualitas,
Quint. 5, 9, 15:caeli solique clementia,
Flor. 3, 3, 13:subita mutatio,
id. 4, 10, 9 al. —With adj.:bonum,
Cato, R. R. 1, 2:tenue,
Cic. Fat. 4, 7:salubre,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130:serenum,
Verg. G. 1, 260:palustre,
Liv. 22, 2, 11:austerum,
Plin. 18, 12, 31, § 123:foedum imbribus ac nebulis,
Tac. Agr. 12:atrox,
Flor. 3, 2, 2 et saep.:hibernum,
Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:austrinum,
id. 16, 26, 46, § 109:Italum,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 4:Sabinum,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 77; cf.:quae sit hiems Veliae, quod caelum Salerni,
id. ib. 1, 15, 1. —Daytime, day (very rare): albente caelo, at break of day, Sisenn. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 35; Caes. B. C. 1, 68; Auct. B. Afr. 11; 80; cf.:D.eodem die albescente caelo,
Dig. 28, 2, 25, § 1:vesperascente caelo,
in the evening twilight, Nep. Pelop. 2, 5.—Height:E.mons in caelum attollitur,
toward heaven, heavenwards, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6; cf.Verg.: aequata machina caelo,
Verg. A. 4, 89.—So of the earth or upper world in opposition to the lower world:falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes,
Verg. A. 6, 896.—Heaven, the abode of the happy dead, etc. (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Apoc. 4, 2; 11, 15 et saep.; cf.:F.cum (animus) exierit et in liberum caelum quasi domum suam venerit,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:ut non ad mortem trudi, verum in caelum videretur escendere,
id. ib. 1, 29, 71.—Trop, the summit of prosperity, happiness, honor, etc.:G.Caesar in caelum fertur,
Cic. Phil. 4, 3, 6; cf. id. Att. 14, 18, 1; 6, 2, 9:Pisonem ferebat in caelum,
praised, id. ib. 16, 7, 5:te summis laudibus ad caelum extulerunt,
id. Fam. 9, 14, 1; 12, 25, 7; Hor. Ep 1, 10, 9; Tac. Or. 19.—Of things:omnia, quae etiam tu in caelum ferebas,
extolled, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 5:caelo tenus extollere aliquid,
Just. 12, 6, 2:in caelo ponere aliquem,
id.,4,14; and: exaequare aliquem caelo, Lucr 1, 79; Flor. 2, 19, 3:Catonem caelo aequavit,
Tac. A. 4, 34:caelo Musa beat,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 29; cf.:recludere caelum,
id. ib. 3, 2, 22;the opp.: collegam de caelo detraxisti,
deprived of his exalted honor, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 107: in caelo sum, I am in heaven, i. e. am very happy, id. Att. 2, 9, 1:digito caelum attingere,
to be extremely fortunate, id. ib. 2, 1, 7:caelum accepisse fatebor,
Ov. M. 14, 844:tunc tangam vertice caelum,
Aus. Idyll. 8 fin.; cf.:caelum merere,
Sen. Suas. 1 init. —In gen., a vault, arch, covering:caelum camerarum,
the interior surface of a vault, Vitr. 7, 3, 3; Flor. 3, 5, 30 dub.:capitis,
Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 134. -
16 res
rēs, rei (rēi with e long; gen., Lucr. 2, 112; 548; 6, 918; dat., id. 1, 688; 2, 236; rei, gen., monosyl. at the end of the verse, Lucr. 3, 918;I.and in the middle of the verse,
id. 4, 885, and Poët. ap. Lact. 6, 6), f. [ etym. dub.; perh. root ra- of reor, ratus; cf. Germ. Ding; Engl. thing, from denken, to think; prop., that which is thought of; cf. also logos, Lid. and Scott, 9], a thing, object, being; a matter, affair, event, fact, circumstance, occurrence, deed, condition, case, etc.; and sometimes merely = something (cf.: causa, ratio, negotium).In gen.:B.unde initum primum capiat res quaeque movendi,
Lucr. 1, 383; cf. id. 1, 536:in partes res quaeque minutas Distrahitur,
id. 2, 826: summe Sol, qui omnes res inspicis, Enn. ap. Prob. Verg. E. 6, 31 (Trag. v. 321 Vahl.):versus, quos ego de Rerum Naturā pangere conor,
Lucr. 1, 25; cf. id. 1, 126; 5, 54:rerum natura creatrix,
id. 2, 1117:divinarum humanarumque rerum, tum initiorum causarumque cujusque rei cognitio,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (v. divinus):haeret haec res,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 182:profecto, ut loquor, ita res est,
id. ib. 2, 1, 19:haud mentior, resque uti facta dico,
id. ib. 2, 1, 23:de Alcumenā ut rem teneatis rectius,
id. ib. prol. 110:in tantis rebus (sc. in re publicā defendendā),
Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4 et saep.:quo Averna vocantur nomine, id ab re Impositum est, quia sunt avibus contraria cunctis,
from the nature of the thing, Lucr. 6, 740; cf. id. 6, 424; Liv. 1, 17:si res postulabit,
the condition of the case, Cic. Lael. 13, 44: scaena rei totius haec, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 3:fugam in se nemo convertitur Nec recedit loco, quin statim rem gerat,
does his duty, stands his ground, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 84; so, res gerere, v. gero; hence, too, rerum scriptor, for a historian, v. scriptor, and cf. II. H. infra.—With adj. of quality, to express condition, etc.:C.illic homo a me sibi malam rem arcessit,
is bringing a bad business on himself, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 171; so,res mala,
a wretched condition, Sall. C. 20, 13; and more freq. in plur.:bonis tuis rebus meas res irrides malas,
circumstances, condition, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45; id. Rud. 3, 3, 12:res secundae,
good fortune, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30; cf. Liv. 3, 9:res prosperae,
Nep. Dion, 6, 1; id. Eum. 5, 1:in secundissimis rebus,
Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91:adversae res,
id. ib. 1, 26, 90; Hor. S. 2, 2, 136; 2, 8, 73:res belli adversae,
Liv. 10, 6:res dubiae,
Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; Liv. 2, 50; 7, 30;v. bonus, florens, salvus, adversus, dubius, novus, arduus, etc.— Freq. in curses, etc.: in malam rem,
go to the bad, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 37; id. And. 2, 1, 17:malam rem hinc ibis?
id. Eun. 3, 3, 30.—With an adj. in a periphrasis:D.abhorrens ab re uxoriā,
matrimony, Ter. And. 5, 1, 10:in arbitrio rei uxoriae,
dowry, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 61:rem divinam nisi compitalibus... ne faciat,
a religious act, act of worship, a sacrifice, Cato, R. R. 5, 4:bellicam rem administrari majores nostri nisi auspicato noluerunt,
Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76; Hor. C. 4, 3, 6:erat ei pecuaria res ampla et rustica,
Cic. Quint. 3, 12: res rustica, agriculture:rei rusticae libro primo,
Col. 11, 1, 2; id. 1, praef. §19: liber, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,
Cic. Sen. 15, 54:navalis rei certamina,
naval battles, Amm. 26, 3, 5:res militaris,
Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2:rei militaris gloria,
id. Mur. 9, 22; Nep. Milt. 8, 4:res frumentaria,
forage, Caes. B. C. 3, 16; id. B. G. 1, 23; 4, 7:armatae rei scientissimus,
Amm. 25, 4, 7:peritus aquariae rei,
id. 28, 2, 2:res judicaria,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31:res ludicra,
play, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180:uti rebus veneriis,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47; Nep. Alc. 11, 4:res Veneris,
Lucr. 2, 173; Ov. R. Am. 431; v. also familiaris, judiciaria, militaris, navalis, etc., and cf. II. G. infra. —With pronouns or adjectives, as an emphatic periphrase for the neutr.:E.ibi me inclamat Alcumena: jam ea res me horrore afficit,
this now, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 16; cf.: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam:Ea res est,
it is even so, id. As. 1, 1, 40:de fratre confido ita esse ut semper volui. Multa signa sunt ejus rei,
of it, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 5: quos (melittônas) alii melittotropheia appellant, eandem rem quidam mellaria. Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 12:sunt ex te quae scitari volo, Quarum rerum, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 13; cf. Caes. B. G. 3, 4:quibus de rebus quoniam nobis contigit ut aliquid essemus consecuti,
Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:quā super re interfectum esse Hippotem dixisti? Pac. ap. Fest. s. v. superescit, p. 244: resciscet Amphitruo rem omnem,
every thing, all, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 30:nulla res tam delirantes homines concinat cito,
nothing, id. Am. 2, 2, 96; cf.:neque est ulla res, in quā, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9; cf.also: sumptu ne parcas ullā in re, quod ad valetudinem opus sit,
id. Fam. 16, 4, 2:magna res principio statim bello,
a great thing, a great advantage, Liv. 31, 23 fin.:nil admirari prope res est una Solaque, quae, etc.,
the only thing, only means, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 1 et saep. — Emphatically with sup.:scilicet rerum facta est pulcherrima Roma,
the most beautiful thing in the world, Verg. G. 2, 534; Quint. 1, 12, 16 Spald. p. 81. —Of persons, etc.: est genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:maxime rerum,
Ov. H. 9, 107; cf.:maxima rerum Roma,
Verg. A. 7, 602; Ov. M. 13, 508:fortissima rerum animalia,
id. ib. 12, 502:pulcherrime rerum,
id. H. 4, 125; id. A. A. 1, 213; id. M. 8, 49:dulcissime rerum,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 4.—In adverb. phrases:II.e re natā melius fieri haud potuit,
after what has happened, Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8:pro re natā,
according to circumstances, Cic. Att. 7, 8, 2; 14, 6, 1:pro tempore et pro re,
Caes. B. G. 5, 8:factis benignus pro re,
according to circumstances, Liv. 7, 33, 3; Sall. J. 50, 2:pro re pauca loquar,
Verg. A. 4, 337; Lucr. 6, 1280:ex re et ex tempore,
Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3:e re respondi,
Cat. 10, 8.In partic.A.Pregn., an actual thing, the thing itself, reality, truth, fact; opposed to appearance, mere talk, the mere name of a thing:B.ecastor, re experior, quanti facias uxorem tuam,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 10:desiste dictis nunc jam miseram me consolari: Nisi quid re praesidium apparas, etc.,
id. Rud. 3, 3, 21: rem ipsam loqui. Ter. And. 1, 2, 31:rem fabulari,
Plaut. Trin 2, 4, 87:nihil est aliud in re,
in fact, Liv. 10, 8, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:se ipsa res aperit,
Nep. Paus. 3, 7:ex re decerpere fructus,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 79;opp. verbum, vox, opinio, spes, nomen, etc.: rem opinor spectari oportere, non verba,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; cf.: te rogo, ut rem potiorem oratione ducas, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5:non modo res omnes, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,
Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:qui hos deos non re, sed opinione esse dicunt,
id. N. D. 3, 21, 53:Peripateticos et Academicos nominibus differentes, re congruentes,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 15:quod nos honestum, illi vanum... verbis quam re probabilius vocant,
Quint. 3, 8, 22; Sen. Ep. 120, 9:eum, tametsi verbo non audeat, tamen re ipsā de maleficio suo confiteri,
id. Rosc. Am. 42, 123; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 15:vides quantum distet argumentatio tua ab re ipsā atque a veritate,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44. — Hence, abl. sing., often strengthened by verā (sometimes as one word, reverā), in fact, really, in truth, indeed, in reality:haec ille, si verbis non audet, re quidem verā palam loquitur,
Cic. Quint. 17, 56; so,re quidem verā,
id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Sest. 7, 15:re autem verā,
id. Fam. 1, 4, 2;and simply re verā,
id. Quint. 2, 7; id. Div. 2, 54, 110; id. Balb. 3, 7:re verāque,
Lucr. 2, 48; cf.:et re verā,
indeed, in fact, Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1; Liv. 33, 11, 3; 35, 31, 12; 36, 6, 1; Nep. Ages. 2, 3; id. Phoc. 3, 3; Curt. 3, 13, 5; 4, 16, 19; Val. Max. 9, 13, ext. 1; Just. 5, 1, 8; 12, 13, 10; Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 1.—Effects, substance, property, possessions:2.mihi Chrysalus Perdidit filium, me atque rem omnem Meam,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 26; cf.: Ph. Habuitne rem? Ly. Habuit. Ph. Qui eam perdidit... Mercaturamne an venales habuit, ubi rem perdidit? id. Trin. 2, 2, 49 sq.:quibus et re salvā et perditā profueram,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 27:rem talentum decem,
id. Phorm. 2, 3, 46; Juv. 3, 16:avidior ad rem,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51:rem facere,
to make money, Cic. Att. 2, 2, 12:res eos jampridem, fides deficere nuper coepit,
id. Cat. 2, 5, [p. 1576] 10:qui duo patrimonia accepisset remque praeterea bonis et honestis rationibus auxisset,
id. Rab. Post. 14, 38:libertino natum patre et in tenui re,
in narrow circumstances, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20 et saep.; v. also familiaris.— In plur.: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 396 Vahl.):privatae res,
Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5.—Hence, law t. t., whatever may be the subject of a right, whether corporeal or incorporeal (v. Sandars, Introd. to Just. Inst. p. 42 sqq.):C.res corporales,
Just. Inst. 2, 2, 1 sq.; Gai. Inst. 2, 12; Dig. 1, 8, 1:res in patrimonio, res extra patrimonium,
Just. Inst. 2, 1 pr.; Gai. Inst. 2, 1:res sanctae,
Just. Inst. 2, 1, 10; v. also mancipium, privatus, etc.—Benefit, profit, advantage, interest, weal:D.res magis quaeritur, quam, etc.,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 6:melius illi consulas quam rei tuae,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 98:haec tuā re feceris,
to your advantage, id. Capt. 2, 2, 46.— Most freq. with the prepositions in, ex, ob, ab, etc.:quasi istic minor mea res agatur quam tua,
is interested, affected, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113 (v. ago):si in rem tuam esse videatur,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 2:vide si hoc in rem deputas,
id. ib. 3, 3, 19:quod in rem recte conducat tuam,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 26:si in remst utrique,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 14:quid mihi melius est, quid magis in rem est, quam? etc.,
useful, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 1:tamen in rem fore credens universos adpellare,
Sall. C. 20, 1:omnia quae in rem videbantur esse,
Curt. 6, 2, 21:ad conparanda ea quae in rem erant,
Liv. 30, 4, 6:imperat quae in rem sunt,
id. 26, 44, 7; 22, 3, 2:ex tuā re non est, ut ego emoriar,
for your advantage, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102: An. Non pudet Vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, to the purpose, with advantage, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 41: ob rem facere, usefully, with advantage or profit, Sall. J. 31, 5: subdole blanditur, ab re Consulit blandiloquentulus, contrary to his interest, i. e. to his injury, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12 Brix ad loc.:haud id est ab re aucupis,
id. As. 1, 3, 71:haec haud ab re duxi referre,
Liv. 8, 11, 1:non ab re esse Quinctio visum est interesse, etc.,
id. 35, 32, 6; Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57; Suet. Aug. 94; Gell. 18, 4, 6; 1, 26, 4; Macr. S. 1, 4, 19.—Cause, reason, ground, account; only in the connection eā (hac) re, and eam ob rem, adverb., therefore, on that account:E.eā re tot res sunt, ubi bene deicias,
Cato, R. R. 158, 2:hac re nequeunt ex omnibus omnia gigni, Quod, etc.,
Lucr. 1, 172; cf.:illud eā re a se esse concessum, quod, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111:patrem exoravi, tibi ne noceat, neu quid ob eam rem succenseat,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 39; cf.:quoi rei?
for what purpose? id. As. 3, 2, 43; id. Poen. 2, 3, 3.—Hence (by uniting into one word) the causal adverbs quare and quamobrem, v. h. vv.—An affair, matter of business, business:F.cum et de societate inter se multa communicarent et de totā illā ratione atque re Gallicanā,
Cic. Quint. 4, 15:rem cum aliquo transigere,
id. Clu. 13, 39. —Hence, transf., in gen.: res alicui est cum aliquo,
to have to do with any one, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Sest. 16, 37; id. Fam. 9, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 77; cf.:famigeratori res sit cum damno et malo,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 182 Brix ad loc.— Also without a dat.:quoniam cum senatore res est,
Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 3;esp., in mal. part.: rem habere cum aliquo or aliquā,
to have to do with any one, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 35; id. Merc. 3, 1, 37; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 39; 58. —Ellipt.:jam biennium est, quom mecum rem coepit,
Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 15. —A case in law, a lawsuit, cause, suit (more gen. than causa):G.ubi res prolatae sunt,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 10:res agi,
id. Men. 4, 2, 19; id. Aul. 3, 4, 13:quibus res erat in controversiā, ea vocabatur lis,
Varr. L. L. 7, § 93; cf.(prob. in allusion to this legal form): tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum diem tertium an perendinum... rem an litem dici oporteret,
Cic. Mur. 12, 27; cf.also: quarum rerum litium causarum condixit pater patratus, etc., an ancient formula,
Liv. 1, 32:de rebus ab aliquo cognitis judicatisque dicere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 48, § 118:pecunias capere ob rem judicandam,
id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:si res certabitur olim,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 27; 1, 10, 15; 1, 9, 41; id. Ep. 1, 16, 43:tractu temporis futurum, ut res pereat,
Dig. 3, 3, 12:rem differre,
ib. 43, 30, 3: res judicata dicitur, quae finem controversiarum pronuntiatione judicis accipit, ib. 42, 1, 1 et saep.—An affair, esp. a battle, campaign, military operations; in phrase rem (or res) gerere:H.res gesta virtute,
Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 66:ut res gesta est ordine narrare,
Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 3:his rebus gestis,
Caes. B. G. 5, 8:res gerere,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:rem bene gerere,
id. ib. 1, 8, 1; Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 13:comminus rem gerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 44:res gestae,
Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 7; 2, 1, 251:adversus duos simul rem gerere,
Liv. 21, 60:rem male gerere,
Nep. Them. 3, 3; Hor. S. 2, 3, 74:in relatione rerum ab Scythis gestarum,
Just. 2, 1, 1; cf.:rem agere,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 4; id. A. P. 82:ante rem,
before the battle, Liv. 4, 40:cum Thebanis sibi rem esse existimant,
Nep. Pel. 1, 3; Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—Acts, events, as the subject of narration, a story, history:K.res in unam sententiam scripta,
Auct. Her. 1, 12, 20:cui lecta potenter erit res,
Hor. A. P. 40; id. S. 1, 10, 57; id. Ep. 1, 19, 29:in medias res auditorem rapere,
id. A. P. 148; 310:agitur res in scaenis,
id. ib. 179; cf.:numeros animosque secutus, non res,
id. Ep. 1, 19, 25; Phaedr. 5, 1, 12:sicut in rebus ejus (Neronis) exposuimus,
Plin. 2, 83, 85, § 199:litterae, quibus non modo res omnis, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,
Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:res populi Romani perscribere, Liv. praef. § 1: res Persicae,
history, Nep. Con. 5, 4; id. Cat. 3, 2.—Res publica, also as one word, respublica, the common weal, a commonwealth, state, republic (cf. civitas); also, civil affairs, administration, or power, etc.: qui pro republicā, non pro suā obsonat, Cato ap. Ruf. 18, p. 210; cf.:2.erat tuae virtutis, in minimis tuas res ponere, de re publicā vehementius laborare,
Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 3:dummodo ista privata sit calamitas et a rei publicae periculis sejungatur,
id. Cat. 1, 9; cf.:si re publicā non possis frui, stultum est nolle privatā,
id. Fam. 4, 9, 4:egestates tot egentissimorum hominum nec privatas posse res nec rem publicam sustinere,
id. Att. 9, 7, 5 (v. publicus); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 14, 3: auguratum est, rem Romanam publicam summam fore, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:quo utiliores rebus suis publicis essent,
Cic. Off. 1, 44, 155:commutata ratio est rei totius publicae,
id. Att. 1, 8, 4: pro republicā niti, Cato ap. Charis. p. 196 fin.:merere de republicā,
Plaut. Am. prol. 40:de re publicā disputatio... dubitationem ad rem publicam adeundi tollere, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:oppugnare rem publicam,
id. Cael. 1, 1; id. Har. Resp. 8, 15; id. Sest. 23, 52:paene victā re publicā,
id. Fam. 12, 13, 1:delere rem publicam,
id. Sest. 15, 33; Lact. 6, 18, 28.—Esp. in the phrase e re publicā, for the good of the State, for the public benefit:senatūs consultis bene et e re publicā factis,
Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 30:ea si dicam non esse e re publicā dividi,
id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; id. Mil. 5, 14; Liv. 8, 4, 12; 25, 7, 4; 34, 34, 9; Suet. Rhet. 1 init. —Post-class. and rare, also ex republicā, Gell. 6, 3, 47; 11, 9, 1;but exque is used for euphony (class.): id eum recte atque ordine exque re publicā fecisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36; 10, 11, 26.— In plur.:eae nationes respublicas suas amiserunt, C. Gracch. ap. Fest. s. h. v. p. 286 Müll.: hoc loquor de tribus his generibus rerum publicarum,
Cic. Rep. 1, 28, 44:circuitus in rebus publicis commutationum,
id. ib. 1, 29, 45 et saep.—Sometimes simply res, the State (in the poets, and since the Aug. per. in prose): unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84 (Ann. v. 313 Vahl.):L.hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam sistet,
Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:nec rem Romanam tam desidem umquam fuisse,
Liv. 21, 16; 1, 28:parva ista non contemnendo majores nostri maximam hanc rem fecerunt,
id. 6, 41 fin.:Romana,
Hor. C. S. 66; id. Ep. 1, 12, 25; Ov. M. 14, 809; Sall. C. 6, 3; cf.:ut paulo ante animum inter Fidenatem Romanamque rem ancipitem gessisti,
Liv. 1, 28 fin.:Albana,
id. 1, 6.— In plur.:res Asiae evertere,
Verg. A. 3, 1:custode rerum Caesare,
Hor. C. 4, 15, 17; cf.:res sine discordiā translatae,
Tac. H. 1, 29; so (also in Cic.), rerum potiri, v. potior. —Res novae, political changes, a revolution, etc.; v. novus.
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